Glossary

These are the terms that most science based trainers agree upon. An understanding of these terms are necessary to get the most of out of your learning experience.

ASSIGNMENT

A set of tasks assigned to student dogs by their trainer to be completed step-by-step.

BEHAVIOR

Behaviors are the high level behaviors set by the trainer to address Desired Behaviors. It’s the idea of the future or desired result that the trainer and client agree upon to work towards. The measurable action that the dog demonstrates that is either reinforced or punished.

CLICK & TREAT (CT)

A Click is an Event Marker. A CLICK can be with the clicker or with a verbal cue such as “YES” or a visual click (reaching towards treat pouch). The Click marks a moment in time. It can be paired with a primary reinforcer (food) to let your dog know that he or she did exactly what you wanted. Bingo.

CUE OR NAME

A cue is the stimulus that drives specific behaviors. Cues can be verbal like “Sit.” or visual like a hand signal or environmental - such as a doorway or car that can mean a walk is eminent.

DISTANCE

Distance is a criteria for measuring a correct behavior. A dog sits at 10 ft distance.

DISTRACTION

A distraction can be anything that gets your dog’s attention that can overshadow your desire to keep his or her attention on you and the desired behavior.

DOG’S OPENING POSITION

Opening Position is where the dog is relative to the trainer at the beginning of a repetition during a training session. The most common OP is Standing Still in Front.

DURATION

Duration the criteria of a behavior measured in seconds.

ENVIRONMENTAL CUE

When the stimulus for a behavior exists in the environment it can cue a behavior. Ex. When your car keys or a leash tell a dog it’s walk time.

HAND SIGNAL

A visual cue in the form of a hand signal that can be used instead of a verbal cue. Pay attention not to overlap verbal and hand signal cues.

HUMAN RELATIVE POSITION

This is what body position the trainer is in when a cue is given to your dog. Seated, standing, kneeling on the floor, back to dog, etc.

LOCATION

Location is an environmental factor and can affect behaviors. It’s imperative to work the same behaviors in different locations so that the dog will learn to generalize behaviors in all locations.

PUNISHER

A punisher is something that decreases the likelihood that a behavior will occur. Please don’t assume that good punisher’s have to be cruel or painful in anyway. The words “punisher” and “punishment” have become poisoned cues. I like to think of “punisher” as a “decreaser”.

REINFORCEMENT LOCATION

This is where the dog actually receives the food or toy or place perceived as most rewarding. When you call a dog and when he or she takes food from your hand after sitting, that is the RL.

REINFORCER AND REWARD

A reinforcer is something that increases the likelihood that a behavior will occur. It can also be used to strengthen a known behavior. Sometimes a REWARD is more subjective and what someone gives to a dog that they think is rewarding, but may not be reinforcing.

RELEASE CUE

This cue is what lets your dog know that he or she is “free” to either do what it wants or come to you or take a toy. How it is used is determined by the trainer. The most common release cue is “OKAY”. But “RELEASE” and “FREE” is also common and good.

REPETITIONS (REPS)

This idea refers to the number of times the trainer asks the dog to perform a specific behavior with specific criteria. Usually 10 reps is sufficient. The rule of thumb for a successful assignment is 80 %.

VERBAL CUE

A cue that serves as a stimulus for a behavior that is a word or words chained together.

WHISTLE CUE

A cue that serves as a stimulus for a behavior that is a human whistle or device that makes a whistle sound.